What is a heating thermostat? How it works, types, and which one to choose.
Having a good heating thermostat is key to maintaining comfort at home, improving energy efficiency, and reducing your energy bill. In this complete guide, we explain what it is, how it works, what types exist, how to program it, and most importantly, which one to choose according to your heating system. An article designed to help you make the best decision, whether you are upgrading your installation or modernizing your home.
What is a heating thermostat
Simple definition and purpose
A heating thermostat is a device that regulates the temperature of a climate control system. It works as a smart switch: it measures the ambient temperature and, if it is below the desired level, it activates the heating. Once the desired temperature is reached, it maintains it automatically.
Its function is to keep the home at a constant temperature, preventing the system from running unnecessarily and allowing for more efficient energy use.
Benefits of installing a heating thermostat
- Energy savings: A well-adjusted thermostat can reduce consumption by up to 30%.
- Greater thermal comfort: Prevents sudden rises or drops in temperature.
- Personalized control: Allows you to set the temperature according to your household routines.
- Remote control: Smart models can be managed from your phone or via voice assistants.
How a heating thermostat works
Operating principle
The operation of a heating thermostat is based on constantly measuring the ambient temperature and switching the system on or off according to a value set by the user. This automatic regulation cycle ensures a stable temperature, preventing overheating and unnecessary energy use.
Main components
- Thermal sensor: Accurately measures room temperature.
- Relay or actuator: Works as an electronic switch, connecting or disconnecting the heating system.
- Display or user interface: Shows temperature and allows adjustments or programming.
Types of heating thermostats
Analog thermostats
The most basic and affordable models. They work manually with a rotary dial. They don’t offer programming or connectivity but are reliable and simple to use—ideal for second homes or basic systems.
Digital thermostats
Include an LCD screen and offer greater precision. They display room temperature, settings, and operating modes. They strike a balance between ease of use and advanced control.
Programmable thermostats
Allow you to set different temperatures for various time slots or days of the week. Ideal for households with regular routines, helping save energy without losing comfort.
Smart or WiFi thermostats
Connected via WiFi, they can be managed through an app or voice assistants. They learn your habits, detect presence, and automatically optimize energy consumption.
Wireless thermostats
Operate by radio frequency, with no need for wiring. Ideal for renovations, allowing flexible placement. Many models are also programmable or smart.
Thermostats for underfloor heating
Designed for low-temperature and high-inertia systems. They enable zone control and valve management, optimizing comfort without overheating.
Thermostats for electric radiators
Control electric heaters or convectors. Many include Eco modes, open-window detection, or Bluetooth/WiFi connectivity.
Thermostats for heat pumps and fan coils
Compatible with heating/cooling modes, fan speed control, and 0–10 V signals. Perfect for aerothermal or smart-home systems.
Where to install the thermostat
It should be installed about 1.5 m above the floor, on an interior wall, away from radiators, windows, or drafts. In large homes, zoning with room-specific thermostats is recommended for better comfort and efficiency.
How to program a heating thermostat
- Daily programming: The same temperature is set for every day.
- Weekly programming (5+2): Different schedules for weekdays and weekends.
- Zone programming: Independent control of each room.
Avoid setting excessively high temperatures, take advantage of natural sunlight, and maintain consistent schedules for maximum savings.
Which one to choose depending on your heating system
For small spaces with a boiler
Choose a digital programmable thermostat for the best balance of efficiency and comfort. Smart models allow remote control and compatibility with modern boilers.
For zoned systems
Use room-by-room thermostats connected to motorized valves. Wireless models are ideal for avoiding construction work and improving overall comfort.
For heat pumps
Opt for dual-mode models (heating/cooling) or those compatible with 0–10 V communication, especially for aerothermal or fan coil systems.
For centralized installations
In buildings with communal heating, choose thermostats compatible with KNX or Modbus systems, ideally installed by qualified professionals.
Installation and maintenance
Wireless models can usually be installed by the user, while 230 V-connected devices should be handled by certified technicians. Clean regularly, check sensors, and replace batteries when necessary.
Frequently asked questions about heating thermostats
- Can a thermostat also be used for air conditioning? Yes, if it is compatible with reversible heat pumps.
- Can it be used with underfloor heating? Yes, as long as it is designed for low-inertia systems.
- What does “smart” mean? It means the thermostat connects to the internet, learns your habits, and integrates with Alexa or Google Home.
- What is the difference between a thermostat and a chronothermostat? A chronothermostat includes time programming; all chronothermostats are thermostats, but not all thermostats are chronothermostats.
Efficiency, comfort, and control at your fingertips
Investing in a good thermostat means choosing a more comfortable, smarter, and energy-efficient home. Whether you prefer a simple model or the latest in connectivity, the most important thing is to choose a device suited to your heating system and lifestyle.
If you have any questions or need personalized help, at www.todo-control.com we offer free advice. Our team of experts is available to help you find the ideal thermostat for your installation and make the most of your heating system.